Xylitol and Teeth: What the Research Really Says
What xylitol is, what a Cochrane review found about cavities, possible side effects and the important warning for dog owners.
This article is general information, not dental or medical advice. If you have symptoms, please see a dentist.
What is xylitol?
Xylitol is a sugar alcohol with a sweet taste similar to sugar. It is used in sugar-free gum, mints, toothpaste and some supplements. The bacteria in your mouth cannot easily turn it into acid, which is why it is studied for tooth decay.
What the research says
In 2015, Cochrane, an independent organization that reviews medical research, looked at 10 studies with 5,903 participants. Their main finding:
- Over 2.5 to 3 years, fluoride toothpaste containing 10% xylitol may reduce cavities in children by about 13% compared with fluoride-only toothpaste. The evidence was rated low quality.
- For other xylitol products, such as lozenges, syrups and tablets, the evidence was not strong enough to show a benefit.
- There was not enough evidence to draw conclusions for adults.
In short: xylitol may help a little, mainly as part of fluoride toothpaste, but it is not a replacement for fluoride or good oral hygiene.
Side effects
Xylitol is widely used in food. In larger amounts it can cause gas, bloating or loose stools in some people.
Warning for dog owners
The U.S. FDA warns that xylitol is dangerous for dogs. It can cause a rapid, severe drop in blood sugar. Keep gum, toothpaste and supplements that contain xylitol away from dogs, and call a vet or animal poison control right away if your dog eats some.
Products that contain xylitol
Besides gum and toothpaste, some supplements list xylitol, including Dentitox Pro. Check labels if you have a dog at home.
Frequently asked questions
Is xylitol better than fluoride?
No. Fluoride toothpaste has much stronger evidence. Xylitol may add a small benefit on top of fluoride.
Is xylitol gum good for teeth?
Chewing sugar-free gum after meals increases saliva, which helps protect teeth. The Cochrane review did not find strong evidence that xylitol itself adds extra benefit in gum products.
Keep reading
- A Simple Daily Oral Care Routine That Dentists Recommend
- Vitamins and Minerals for Healthy Teeth and Gums
- 8 Signs You Should See a Dentist (Not Buy a Supplement)
- Dentitox Pro review: ingredients, price and facts